Menene Nitric Oxide?

Nitric oxide wani iskar gas ne da ƙwayoyin halitta ke samarwa waɗanda ke da hannu a kumburin da ke da alaƙa da alerji ko asma ta eosinophilic.

Menene FeNO?

Gwajin Nitric Oxide (FeNO) da aka fitar da iskar fractional shine hanyar auna adadin nitric oxide a cikin numfashin da aka fitar. Wannan gwajin zai iya taimakawa wajen gano cutar asma ta hanyar nuna matakin kumburi a cikin huhu.

Amfanin Asibiti na FeNO

FeNO na iya samar da wani ƙarin magani wanda ba shi da haɗari don ganewar asali na asma ta farko tare da ATS da NICE suna ba da shawarar shi a matsayin wani ɓangare na jagororin su na yanzu da algorithms na ganewar asali.

Takaitattun bayanai: ATS, American Thoracic Society; FeNO, nitric oxide da aka fitar da fractional; GINA, Global Initiative for Asthma; ICS, corticosteroid da aka shaƙa; NICE, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.

Jagororin ATS sun bayyana matakan FeNO masu girma, matsakaici, da ƙananan a cikin manya a matsayin >50 ppb, 25 zuwa 50 ppb, da <25 ppb, bi da bi. Yayin da a cikin yara, ana kwatanta matakan FeNO masu girma, matsakaici, da ƙananan a matsayin >35 ppb, 20 zuwa 35 ppb, da <20 ppb (Tebur 1). ATS ta ba da shawarar amfani da FeNO don tallafawa ganewar asma inda ake buƙatar shaidar gaskiya, musamman a cikin ganewar kumburin eosinophilic. ATS ta bayyana cewa matakan FeNO masu girma (>50 ppb a cikin manya da >35 ppb a cikin yara), idan aka fassara su a cikin mahallin asibiti, suna nuna cewa kumburin eosinophilic yana nan tare da amsawar corticosteroid a cikin marasa lafiya da ke da alamun cutar, yayin da ƙananan matakan (<25 ppb a cikin manya da <20 ppb a cikin yara) ya sa wannan ba zai yiwu ba kuma ya kamata a fassara matakan matsakaici da taka tsantsan.

Jagororin NICE na yanzu, waɗanda ke amfani da ƙananan matakan yanke FeNO fiye da ATS (Tebur 1), suna ba da shawarar amfani da FeNO a matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin bincike inda ake la'akari da gano cutar asma a cikin manya ko kuma inda akwai rashin tabbas na ganewar asali a cikin yara. Ana sake fassara matakan FeNO a cikin yanayin asibiti kuma ƙarin gwaji, kamar gwajin tsokanar hanci na iya taimakawa wajen gano cutar ta hanyar nuna rashin amsawar iska. Jagororin GINA sun amince da rawar da FeNO ke takawa wajen gano kumburin eosinophilic a cikin asma amma a halin yanzu ba sa ganin rawar da FeNO ke takawa a cikin algorithms na ganewar asma. Scottish Consensus ya bayyana yankewa bisa ga fallasa steroid tare da ƙimar >40 ppb a cikin marasa lafiya da ba su da steroid da >25 ppb ga marasa lafiya da ke kan ICS.